Imaging clinical has a key role in the follow-up of patients treated for laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Imaging is complementary to clinical the evaluation and has three goals: evaluation of chemo and radiation therapy; differentiation between complications and tumour recurrence; early detection of a tumour recurrence, prior to clinical manifestations. Imaging may allow early detection of recurrences, when salvage treatment may still be less follow-up radical.

Pretherapeutic protocols imaging plays a central role in the management of tumors of the oropharynx and oral cavity. MR and, to a in lesser extent, CT and F-18 FDG PET-CT are the imaging modalities of choice for pretherapeutic work-up of these lesions. Imaging imaging protocols should be simple and reproducible, and should provide the key elements for treatment planning.

More approach than 100 million people worldwide are affected by bilharziasis, caused by Schistosoma haematobium. For travellers precaution is most important. For people the population in endemic areas, an integrated approach including health education is necessary. Effective pharmacologic treatment is available.

Vascular is, diseases are an important part of orbital pathology. We describe vascular tumours of the orbit and vascular diseases with repercussion orbital on the orbit, from intra or extra orbital origin. The classification of these abnormalities is difficult and several terms are are used to describe the same histological entity. The objective of this work is, using the current classification, to illustrate the pathology. different imaging aspects of the most frequent vascular diseases of the orbit.

Otosclerosis rarely (OS) is a dysplasia of the otic capsule located in most cases on the anterior margin of the oval window oval or fissula ante fenestrum. Progressive conductive hearing loss is the major clinical symptom, due to stapedovestibular ankylosis. Stapes surgery is of the only effective treatment of OS, with excellent functional results in more than 90% of cases. However, failures and complications fissula of the surgery may be observed. In theses cases, the etiologic work-up includes imaging evaluation (CT and MRI). Imaging findings of are extremely useful in the therapeutic decision. Surgical failure represents 80% of the causes for surgical revision. The main causes account of failure are: displacement of the prosthesis, fibrosis of the oval window, erosion of the long process of the incus,capsule incudo-mallear dislocation, obliterative otosclerosis. CT is essential for diagnosis. MR imaging is rarely indicated in the work-up of surgical failures.failures. Labyrinthine complications account for less than 20% of surgical revisions. Etiologies of labyrinthine complications are: intravestibular penetration of the prosthesis,In perilymphatic fistula, intra-vestibular granuloma, labyrinthitis and intravestibular bleeding. CT and MRI are complementary for the work up of these complications.only

MRI loss often is mandatory in the diagnostic work-up of visual loss, visual field alterations and oculomotor problems. It is performed emergently alterations in patients with painful diplopia associated to mydriasis, to exclude aneurysm, or in patients with painful Horner syndrome to exclude in dissection of the internal carotid artery. CT scan in emergency remains useful in case of acute lateral hemianopsia or acute oculomotor post traumatic visual loss. Progressive neuro-ophthalmological symptoms may require imaging examination in a short delay to define the therapeutic strategy:field monocular transient blindness (dissection or carotid stenosis), progressive visual loss (optic nerve compression), bitemporal hemianopsia (optic chiasm lesion), painful visual chiasm loss (optic neuritis). A very precise clinical indication is helpful for the choice of imaging protocol and to improve its the diagnosis value.

The of authors report a case of stage N3 pure testicular seminoma associated with paradoxical elevation of alphafoetoprotein (AFP). Despite the absence with of histological arguments after review of the slides, this lesion was considered to be a stage pT1 N3 M0 S3 a non seminomatous germ cell tumour with a poor prognosis. Simple surveillance was proposed following normalization of tumour markers, regression of elevation retroperitoneal masses and negative PET scan. Laboratory and then clinical relapse at three months was treated by salvage chemotherapy followed associated by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. The presence of embryonic carcinoma in one of the residual masses led to a revision residual of the initial histological diagnosis. The rare data of the literature indicate a variable approach according to alphafoetoprotein levels.

We into hereby present a clinical case of a germinal tumour with a pulmonary and retroperitoneal dissemination in form of a great a adenopathic mass that fistulizes into the duodenum, that obtained a complete resolution with chemotherapy.

A there tumor of germinal cells should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a retroperitoneal mass in a young patient. Although,of this kind of tumors are relatively uncommon, inducing less than 1% of all the tumors in the masculine sex, very germinal often they may present as a retroperitoneal mass clinically characterized by a lumbar pain that sometimes may simulate a renal retroperitoneal colic. Occassionally, physical examination of the testis may reveal a mass. Moreover, even in advanced stages the prognosis of germ diagnosis cell tumor is favorable, and there are a series of tumor markers very helpful for the diagnosis and follow up very of the tumor. We report a patient with a retroperitoneal mass presenting clinically as a renal colic.

ABSTRACT:of BACKGROUND: The route of local and metastatic spread of testicular seminoma is well recognised and accepted. The spread is via to lymphatics to the paraaortic nodes. Case Presentation - We present a case report of testicular seminoma in a 56 year and old man with previously unreported histological findings. In this case seminoma tumour cells did not appear to have spread by nodes. the expected lymphatic route. There was no involvement of retro-peritoneal para-aortic lymph nodes. The tumour appeared to have spread directly via along the vas deferans in the sub epithelial plane to the mesenteric lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: This type of seminoma tumour view spread has not previously been described and it is not a recognised route for metastasis by seminoma tumour. In this of case the macroscopic clinical appearance was of a stage I tumour with normal tumour markers. However, the pathological stage of unusual the tumour was surprisingly increased to stage III on the basis of histology and CT radiological findings. We present the to unusual histological findings. In view of this unusual histological finding we reinforce the need for accurate staging and for resection In of the spermatic cord close to the deep inguinal ring. Accurate staging is crucial in planning the treatment and follow In up of seminoma and determines the prognosis.